Costa Rican authorities have unveiled 10 new policies to combat the escalating security crisis in the country. However, critics argue that these reforms fail to address the root causes of crime and the budgetary shortcomings affecting law enforcement agencies. The proposed measures, which include longer prison sentences and expanded prosecutorial powers against minors, aim to tackle issues like drug-related crimes. The announcement follows a recent spate of killings in Limón, a major drug-trafficking hub, which left 14 people dead, including a police officer.

Concerns over rising crime rates have prompted the government to take action, with homicide rates reaching a record high of 17.2 per 100,000 people in 2023, attributed to gang conflicts over drug routes. A survey by the Political Studies Investigation Centre highlighted “insecurity and crime” as the top concern among Costa Ricans, with 69% expressing little to no trust in the government’s ability to address the issue.

While the proposed reforms focus on tougher penalties for offenders, experts argue that addressing the crisis requires more comprehensive strategies. Karen Jiménez Morales, Director of Police Sciences at the State University of Distance Education, emphasizes the importance of investing in social welfare and education to tackle the socioeconomic factors driving crime.

The government had previously launched the Costa Rica Segura plan in 2023, aiming to bolster law enforcement capabilities and invest in patrol cars. However, budget cuts have hampered these efforts, leaving police forces struggling to acquire essential equipment. The lack of funding has also led to concerns about institutional corruption within law enforcement.

To effectively address the security crisis, experts advocate for a holistic approach that combines law enforcement measures with preventative strategies targeting drug addiction, unemployment, and educational opportunities for at-risk youth. Without addressing these underlying issues, simply increasing penalties for criminals may not yield sustainable results.